5-8

5. Adams- Alien and Sedition Acts [|www.answers.com/topic/virginia-resolves] 1798 Answers.com 1) 4 laws which made an effort to strengthen the federal government.  2) John Adams (federalist), Thomas Jefferson (anti-federalist), immigrants and foreigners. 3) The Alien and Sedition acts took place in the United States.  4)  Thomas Jefferson was elected president. Made it a federal crime to falsely criticize the government or a government official. People were prosecuted, and sentenced under this law. 5) It said that they could not come into the U.S.

= Alien and Sedition Acts = The alien and sedition acts of 1798 made an effort to strengthen the federal government. John Adams, which was president at the time, agreed to this act to make his party dominant. This act stated that no foreigners, or immigrant’s aka Europeans could not come into the U.S. It also said that no one could criticize any government officials. John Adams played a major part in this act. The only reason why he agreed to this act is because it benefited his party. This act made everything the government officials said right because nobody could criticize. This act also major made a difference in how the foreigners were looked upon. The alien and sedition acts took place in the U.S 1798. But it affected mostly Europeans. The populations of these Europeans were immigrants and foreigners. That is why this act angered most Europeans. Come time for the re-election of Adams it didn’t turn out as he thought it would. Because of the act that Adams put in place the votes were turned against him. But fortunately the votes swayed in Thomas Jefferson’s direction. But one thing that did not change was that ** nobody could criticize government officials. **   This act angered so many foreigners. It took away their rights. It said that no foreigners could come into the U.S. But as much as it did and as many as it hurt some of the act that john Adams agreed to has been abolished.

[|www.answers.com/topic/virginia-resolves] 1798 Answers.com

=
William Marbury was appointed to Justice of the Peace of the District of Columbia by Johan Adams. However, James Madison did not deliver Marbury’s commissions and an enraged Marbury sued Madison. Marbury wanted the court to issue him a writ of mandamus under the Judiciary Act of 1789. However, the Judiciary Act was considered unconstitutional, and the Supreme Court tried to figure out if it can interpret laws or statutes. =====

=
There were many people involved in Marbury v. Madison including James Madison, former president and (at the time of this incident) Secretary of State. William Marbury was the man who sued Madison and wanted his job as Justice of the Peace of the District of Columbia. John Adams was the man who appointed Marbury. John Marshall was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court and heard this case. =====

=
This event took place in the Supreme Court. This case took place in 1803, shortly after the end of John Adams presidency. The case lasted from February 11th until February 24th. However, Marbury filed this case in December 1801. =====

=
Marbury v. Madison had a HUGE impact on the judicial branch, checks and balances, and the United States as a whole. Without judicial review Congress may have passed many unconstitutional laws and statutes. John Marshall had a big decision to make when it came to interpreting laws and the rights the judicial branch had according to the Constitution. Without judicial review, the judicial branch would probably have fewer abilities. Marbury v. Madison was a landmark case. =====

=
In a way Marbury v. Madison had an effect on Europe. This case showed Europe that the U.S was willing to stand by its Constitution. Marbury v. Madison showed Europe that the United States had 3 equally powerful branches, and that the idea of checks and balances work. Without Marbury v. Madison, who knows what would have happened to the judicial branch. =====

[]: for the picture. []: For a ridiculous amount of information on the topic, more than most people would ever need. []: Talks about Madison v. Marbury, as well as judicial review. []: for an easier to grasp summary of Marbury v. Madison.

7. Jefferson- Barbary Pirates by Mark Smith
The event of the Barbary Pirates was a violent struggle for the United States. The Barbary Pirate States took this opportunity to return to their old habits and attack American ships in the Mediterranean Sea and holding the crews for a ransom for the return of the crews/prisoners. America started paying this ransom for the return of the crews/prisoners. The Barbary pirate event eventually leads to a war.

America and Europe were mostly invovled. The Barbary pirates kidnapped christians alot.

This event took place in mostly the Mediterranean Sea. The Barbary Pirates frequently raided seafaring vessels and coastal towns. They often captured Christians in Italy, Spain, France, and Portugal and sold them as slaves in Morocco or Algeria**.** So this event kind of moved around in the Mediterranean Sea

The long-term affect this had on the United states was people could not transport goods with out having to pay a ransom. This was bad because lots of people could not support their family even if they were wealthy. The people in the United States could not feed their family. they wouldfeel bad.

The long tem affect it had on Europe was Europe ships were attacked and could not get goods.This was bad because Europe sold goods. If Europe could not get the goods it could not make much money. This would make Europe not be able to make war supplies.

[] [|http://www.mrnussbaum.com/barbarypirates.htm\] http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=barbary+pirates&aq=0&oq=barbary&safe=active 

8. Jefferson- Louisiana Purchase By: Ryan Stekl
1 The Louisiana Purchase was when Thomas Jefferson bought the French land Louisiane in 1803. The land was about 828,000 square miles. The French owned area had one of the most important ports in that time of modern day U.S. New Orleans. The French offered New Orleans to the U.S. for 50,000,000 dollars. But after awhile the French offered the whole Louisiana Territory for 15,000,000 dollars because they were in war with Britain and they needed money. The U.S. bought the territory and is now known as the Louisiana Purchase. 2 During the Louisiana Purchase the U.S. was buying the land off of France. President during the time Thomas Jefferson had sent James Monroe and Robert R. Livingston to France. He had sent them there because the farmers boated goods through the port of New Orleans and he was afraid of France shutting the port down. But while James Monroe and Robert Livingston were in France negotiating a deal, Thomas Jefferson was also making a deal. Jefferson wanted New Orleans and Louisiana so he decided to make a treaty because nowhere in the constitution did it say that the President could buy land. So Jefferson made a treaty and bought the land for 15,000,000. 3 The Louisiana Purchase took place in many different present day states. It took place of 15 present day States and 2 Provinces of Canada. The Louisiana Territory is the whole states of Arkansas, Missouri, Iowa, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Nebraska. Parts of South Dakota, North Dakota, Minnesota, New Mexico, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado. In Canada there was parts of Canadian provinces Alberta and Saskatchewan. 4 The Louisiana Purchase had a long-term impact on the U.S. This is because it increased land in the U.S. Once the Americans bought the land the President sent Lewis and Clark to explore the west. That was the first map made of the western part of the United States. After the map was made more people began settling west and more states were made. 5 The Louisiana Purchase helped France but also didn’t help France. It helped France because it gave them money to pay for the war they were in. It didn’t help France because it lost them land. Another good thing though is that France and the U.S. became allies. [|www.csmh.pbwiki.com.The-Louisiana-Purchase] for picture [|www.en.wikipedia.com/wiki/Louisiana_Purchase] [|www.gatewayno.com/history/LaPurchase.html]